Therefore, we call upon scientists, governments, and international governmental and non-governmental organizations to harmonize current approaches in marine mapping and to develop a framework that is applicable throughout the Mediterranean region. Such coordination between stakeholders is urgently needed before more countries undertake further extensive habitat mapping, so that future conservation planning can use integrated spatial datasets.”
“Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) are widely used in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. However, high-dose regimens and long-term use of ICSs

have the potential to cause a variety of local and systemic side effects such as candidiasis, cataracts, glaucoma, and osteoporosis. The use of ICSs can also be associated with the risk of bone fractures, diabetes mellitus and pneumonia. These ICS-related side effects are of particular learn more importance in elderly patients due to the presence of comorbidities and age-related behavioral, GW786034 manufacturer cognitive, and psychological problems, which can all interact with inhaled treatment. We reviewed the available literature on the clinically relevant side effects of ICSs in the elderly to provide

practical measures to properly monitor and manage the risk of ICSs in the geriatric population. Inspection of the mouth, monitoring of ocular pressure, and use of bone-protective drugs may be necessary in patients on prolonged ICS therapy. Above all, the use of the lowest possible ICS dose and a careful re-assessment of the inhalation procedure should be recommended. Taken together, these observations suggest that physicians should use ICSs appropriately for those patients in whom the benefit will outweigh the risk, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with previous frequent Vactosertib exacerbations. Given the paucity of information on the topic and the need to extrapolate the results from studies with broader age ranges, we strongly encourage the design

of specifically tailored clinical studies in the elderly.”
“Primary intraosseous arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare and have only been occasionally reported. We herein report a histologically proven case of primary intraosseous AVM in the tibia, which mimicked a fibrous tumour on radiography. This presentation carries a risk of triggering acute large haemorrhage through unnecessary biopsy. In intraosseous AVM, the magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features typical of a soft tissue AVM are absent, making diagnosis difficult. In this report, peculiar MR features in the presence of a connecting vessel between the normal deep venous system of the lower extremity and the tumour provide a clue for the early diagnosis of primary intraosseous AVM.