Besides, there is reason to predict that time between injury and treatment would be shorter in clinical practice than in the CRASH-2 trial as delays caused by consent procedures would be avoided [31]. In applying the RR of death due to bleeding in our primary analysis we assumed that all deaths in this group would be avoided. However, it is possible that whilst TXA may prevent death due to bleeding,
some patients would die from other causes instead. If this is the case, then our Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical primary analysis would over-estimate the number of death averted. To address this we performed a sensitivity analysis in which the effect of TXA on all-cause mortality was used. Even using this smaller relative reduction, Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical up to 50,000 deaths could be averted. We restricted our analysis to the potential benefit of in-hospital use of TXA. However, our parameter estimate of the proportion of in-hospital trauma deaths indicates that most trauma
deaths occur before arrival at hospital. TXA is a practicable treatment suitable for use in a range of health-care settings, including pre-hospital. If TXA was used in the pre-hospital setting then many more premature deaths might be averted. Conclusions Our analysis shows the potential of TXA to reduce trauma deaths worldwide. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Realisation of this potential is likely to require further efforts in dissemination and implementation, Carfilzomib cell line particularly Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical in low and middle income settings. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions KK, JK and IR designed the study. KK, JK and PP obtained the data and conducted all analyses with advice from PE and IR. KK wrote the paper with
input from all other authors. All authors had full access to all the data in the study and had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. All authors read and approved Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical the final manuscript. Pre-publication history The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-227X/12/3/prepub Supplementary Material Additional file 1: Summary of data extracted from studies included in systematic review. Click here for file(49K, DOC) Acknowledgements The CRASH-2 trial was funded by the UK NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme, Pfizer, BUPA Foundation, and JP Moulton Charitable Foundation.
Non new acute and non-urgent visits to the emergency department (ED) may cause significant problems since they consume resources that should be allocated for acute patients [1-4]. Triage has, in part, been developed in order to allocate resources [3,4]. Emergency departments around the world use different triage systems to assess the severity of incoming patients’ conditions and assign treatment priorities: the Australasian Triage Scale (ATS), the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale (CTAS), the Manchester Triage System (MTS), and the Emergency Severity Index (ESI) [5-16].