In conclusion, age and sex affect locomotor activity, learning

and memory in different aspects. (C) 2012 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Epigenetic deregulation is involved in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) pathogenesis and epigenetic targeting drugs are in clinical trial. Since the first results with histone-deacetylase inhibitors in AML are controversial, novel single and combined treatments need to be explored. It is tempting to combine chromatin-targeting drugs. SUV39H1, the main methyl-transferase for lysine 9 tri-methylation on histone H3, interacts with oncogenes involved in AML and acts as a transcriptional repressor for hematopoietic differentiation and immortalization. We report here that pharmacological inhibition of SUV39H1 by chaetocin induces apoptosis in leukemia cell lines in vitro and primary AML cells ex vivo, and that https://www.selleckchem.com/products/VX-770.html it interferes with leukemia growth in vivo. Chaetocin treatment upregulates WDR5 antagonist reactive oxygen species (ROS) production as well as the transcription of death-receptor-related genes, in a ROS-dependent manner, leading to death receptor-dependent apoptosis. In addition to its direct inhibition by chaetocin, SUV39H1 is indirectly modulated

by chaetocin-induced ROS. Accordingly, chaetocin potentiates other anti-AML drugs, in a ROS-dependent manner. The decryption of a dual mechanism of action against AML involving both direct and indirect SUV39H1 modulation represents an innovative Oxymatrine read-out for the anticancer activity of chaetocin and for its synergy with other anti-AML drugs, suggesting new therapeutic combination strategies in AML. Leukemia (2012) 26, 662-674; doi:10.1038/leu.2011.271; published online 7 October 2011″
“Neuroimaging studies indicate diminished lateralisation of

cerebral activity during motor tasks and language processing in schizophrenia. Some evidence also indicates that decreased lateralisation is accompanied by more diffuse intra-hemispheric activation, suggesting that diminished lateralisation might be part of a more general diminution of regional functional specialisation. In the case of passive processing of elementary somatosensory stimuli, evidence for decreased lateralisation derived from event-related potential studies, is conflicting. The greater spatial resolution of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offers the potential to resolve this conflict. We report an fMRI study of 22 right-handed individuals with schizophrenia, 21 right-handed healthy individuals and 10 non-right-handed healthy individuals, designed to test the hypothesis that in schizophrenia there is a diminution of both lateralisation and intra-hemispheric focalisation during the passive processing of vibrotactile stimuli delivered to the right index finger. Significantly reduced lateralisation of activity in primary somatosensory cortex (SI) was observed in the schizophrenia group as compared to the healthy right-handed group.