Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles in water (ZnOW) and in ethanol (ZnOE) Thirty millimoles of zinc nitrate hexahydrate was dissolved in 60 ml of water at room temperature, under continuous magnetic stirring. In a separate beaker, 60 mmol of CHA was dissolved in 20 ml water at room temperature. The CHA solution was poured into the zinc solution, resulting in a white precipitate

upon magnetic stirring. An extra amount of 80 ml water was added to the reaction mixture, which was left stirring for 4 days. The precipitate was filtered off through an F-size fritted filter and then was washed with 100 ml water. The precipitate was dried at room temperature under vacuum for 1 day. After drying, the precipitate was mixed with 300 ml water and was magnetically

stirred for 1 day for the removal PX-478 research buy Microbiology inhibitor of any impurity. The precipitate was filtered off and was dried room temperature under vacuum to give 2.43 g (yield% = 89.7). This dried sample was then calcined at 500°C under air for 3 h. The temperature was ramped from room temperature to the target temperature by 1°C/min. Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) elemental analysis was carried out for the uncalcined sample, which proved the formation of zinc oxide at room temperature with a formula of ZnO · 1/2H2O [Zn (cal. 72.3%, exp. 72.9%)]. In addition, the same procedure was carried out to prepare ZnO nanoparticles in ethanolic www.selleckchem.com/products/H-89-dihydrochloride.html medium instead of water. The precipitate gave 2.572 g (yield% = 98.1) of ZnO · 1/3H2O, as proven by ICP elemental analysis [Zn (cal. 74.8%, exp. 74.2%)]. Both of uncalcined ZnO nanoparticles in water (ZnOW) and in ethanol (ZnOE) were found to be soluble in HCl and NaOH, evidencing the chemical identity of ZnO. Material characterization Inductively coupled plasma

(ICP) was used to determine the percentage of the zinc component in uncalcined ZnO samples, obtained at room temperature. Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller surface areas (BET-SA) and pore size distribution Rebamipide of the catalysts were obtained on Micrometrics Gemini III-2375 (Norcross, GA, USA) instrument by N2 physisorption at 77 K. Prior to the measurements, the known amount of the catalyst was evacuated for 2 h at 150°C. Diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectra of ground, uncalcined ZnO powder samples, diluted with IR-grade potassium bromide (KBr), were recorded on a Perkin Elmer FTIR system spectrum GX (Waltham, MA, USA) in the range of 400 to 4,000 cm-1 at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were recorded for phase analysis and crystallite size measurement on a Philips X pert pro diffractometer (Eindhoven, Netherlands), operated at 40 mA and 40 kV by using CuKα radiation and a nickel filter, in the 2-theta range from 2° to 80° in steps of 0.02°, with a sampling time of 1 s per step. The crystallite size was estimated using Scherer’s equation. XRD patterns were recorded for uncalcined and calcined (500°C) ZnO materials.