26%, P < 0.0001), LSCC (5.10 ± 1.14%, P < 0.0001), HPSCC (6.63 ± 1.67%, P < 0.0001), and NPSCC SCH727965 purchase (5.37 ± 1.66%, P = 0.002) were higher than in HD (3.70 ± 1.58%). However, the frequency of CD45RA-Foxp3lowCD4+ T cells was similar between OCSCC patients (4.24 ± 1.31%) and HD (3.70 ± 1.58%) (P = 0.093) (Figure 4A-C). Figure 4 Percentage of Treg subsets in HNSCC patient subgroups. (A) Flow dot plots of Tregs (Foxp3low and Foxp3high Tregs) (top) and each Treg subset (I: CD45RA+Foxp3low Tregs; II: CD45RA-Foxp3high Tregs; III: CD45RA-Foxp3lowCD4+ T cells) (bottom) for one representative HD and patients with HPSCC, NPSCC, OPSCC, and LSCC. (B) Percentage

(means ± SD) of Tregs and each Treg subset in HNSCC patient subgroups or HD. (C) Different buy Nepicastat proportions (means) of each Treg subset in HNSCC patient subgroups are presented. HD: healthy donors. OCSCC: oral squamous cell carcinoma. HPSCC: hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. NPSCC: nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. OPSCC: oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. LSCC: laryngeal squanmous cell carcinoma. Statistical

comparisons were performed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Relationship between three Treg subsets and tumor sites The frequency of CD45RA-Foxp3high Tregs in patients with OPSCC (2.54 ± 0.42%, P < 0.0001), LSCC (2.36 ± 0.92%, P < 0.0001), HPSCC (2.51 ± 0.76%, P < 0.0001), and NPSCC (2.69 ± 1.12%, P < 0.0001) was higher than in OCSCC patients (1.06 ± 0.36%). There was no significant difference in the frequency of CD45RA-Foxp3high Tregs between patients with OPSCC, LSCC, HPSCC, and NPSCC (P > 0.05). Moreover, Vistusertib there was no significant difference in the frequency of CD45RA+Foxp3low Tregs between patients with OCSCC, OPSCC, LSCC, HPSCC, and NPSCC (P > 0.05). The frequency of CD45RA-Foxp3lowCD4+ T cells in HPSCC patients was higher than in OCSCC patients (6.63 ± 1.67% vs. 4.24 ± 1.31%, P < 0.0001) (Figure 4B). Relationship between three Treg subsets and tumor progression

The frequency of CD45RA-Foxp3high Tregs in patients with T3–4 or N+ was higher Sclareol than in patients with T1–2 or N0, respectively (T3–4 vs. T1–2: 2.81 ± 0.89% vs. 1.83 ± 0.82%, P < 0.0001; N+ vs. N0: 2.92 ± 1.03% vs. 1.81 ± 0.65%, P < 0.0001). The frequency of CD45RA+Foxp3low Tregs did not differ between patients with T3–4 and T1–2 (0.52 ± 0.18% vs. 0.54 ± 0.28%, P = 0.834) or with N+ and N0 (0.50 ± 0.17% vs. 0.55 ± 0.17%, P = 0.556). The frequency of CD45RA-Foxp3lowCD4+ T cells in patients with T3–4 or N+ was higher than in patients with T1–2 or N0, respectively (T3–4 vs. T1–2: 6.26 ± 1.39% vs. 4.73 ± 1.49%, P < 0.0001; N+ vs. N0: 6.07 ± 1.81% vs. 4.93 ± 1.36%, P < 0.0001) (Table 2). Table 2 Relationship between Treg subsets and tumor progression   CD45RA-Foxp3high P CD45RA+Foxp3low P CD45RA-Foxp3low P Tregs (%) Tregs (%) CD4+T cells (%) T 1–2 1.83 ± 0.82   0.54 ± 0.28   4.73 ± 1.49   T 3–4 2.81 ± 0.89 <0.0001 0.52 ± 0.18 0.834 6.26 ± 1.39 <0.0001 N 0 1.81 ± 0.65   0.55 ± 0.17   4.93 ± 1.36   N + 2.92 ± 1.03 <0.0001 0.50 ± 0.