(C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy selleck chemicals llc of a new habilitation approach, augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention using a voice output communication aid (VOCA), in improving speech perception, speech production, receptive vocabulary skills, and communicative behaviors in children with cochlear implants (CIs) who had multiple disabilities.
Methods: Five children with mental retardation and/or cerebral palsy who had used CIs over two years were included in this study. Five children in the control group were matched to children who had AAC intervention on the basis of the type/severity of their additional disabilities and chronological
age. They had limited oral communication skills after cochlear implantation because of their limited cognition LY3023414 manufacturer and oromotor function. The children attended the AAC intervention with parents once a week for 6 months. We evaluated their performance using formal tests, including the monosyllabic word tests, the articulation test, and the receptive vocabulary test. We also assessed parent-child interactions. We analyzed the data using a one-group pretest and posttest design.
Results:
The mean scores of the formal tests performed in these children improved from 26% to 48% in the phoneme scores of the monosyllabic word tests, from 17% to 35% in the articulation test, and from 11 to 18.4 in the receptive vocabulary test after AAC intervention (all p < .05). Some children in the control group showed improvement in the speech perception, speech production, and receptive vocabulary tests for 6 months, but the differences did not achieve statistical significance (all p > .05). The frequency of spontaneous communicative behaviors (i.e., vocalization, gestures, and words) and imitative words significantly increased
after AAC intervention (p < .05).
Conclusions: AAC intervention using a VOCA was very useful and effective on improving communicative P005091 molecular weight skills in children with multiple disabilities who had very limited oral communication skills after cochlear implantation. (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.”
“A new homoisoflavonoid, isointricatinol (1), together with eight known homoisoflavonoids, three flavonoids, bergenin and 11-O-galloylbergenin were isolated from the EtOAc fraction of MeOH extract of Caesalpinia digyna roots and evaluated for the antioxidant activity against DPPH and ABTS free radicals. The structure of 1 was elucidated by various spectroscopic techniques and found to be a Z-isomer of 7,8-dihydroxy-3-(4′-methoxybenzyl)chroman-4-one. Compound 1 was found to exhibit mild to moderate free radical scavenging effect against DPPH (IC50, 85.50 mu M) and ABTS (IC50, 44.13 mu M) radicals.”
“The aim of this study was to evaluate by PCR analyses the presence of Coxiella burnetii infection in fetuses of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in the Campania region (Southern Italy).