Other factors such as birthweight, breastfeeding, socioeconomic status and region of birth

have also been demonstrated to contribute to risk. ACPA status is associated with specific environmental factors and is therefore important to incorporate into present and future studies.”
“Introduction and Hypothesis A terminology and standardized classification has yet to be developed for those complications related to native tissue female pelvic floor surgery. Methods: This report on the terminology and classification combines the input of members of the Standardization and Terminology Committees of two International Organizations, the International Urogynecological Association (IUGA) and the International BI 2536 Continence Society (ICS) and a Joint IUGA/ ICS Working Group on Complications Terminology, assisted at intervals by many external referees. A process of rounds of internal and external review took place with decision- making by collective opinion (consensus). Results: A terminology and classification of complications related to native tissue female pelvic floor surgery has been developed, with the classification based on category (C), time (T), and site (S) classes and divisions, that should encompass all conceivable scenarios for describing operative complications and healing abnormalities. The CTS code for each complication, involving three (or four) letters and three numerals,

is likely to be very suitable for any surgical audit or registry, particularly one DAPT manufacturer that is procedure- specific. Users of the classification have been assisted by case examples, color charts, and online aids (www. icsoffice. org/ ntcomplication). Conclusions: A consensus- based terminology and classification report for complications in native tissue female pelvic floor surgery has been produced. It is aimed at being a significant aid to clinical practice and particularly to research. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31: 406-414, 2012. (C) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, CBL0137 Inc.”
“Objectives: To investigate whether physicians’ prescribing preferences

were valid instrumental variables for the antidepressant prescriptions they issued to their patients.

Study Design and Setting: We investigated whether physicians’ previous prescriptions of (1) tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) vs. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and (2) paroxetine vs. other SSRIs were valid instruments. We investigated whether the instrumental variable assumptions are likely to hold and whether TCAs (vs. SSRIs) were associated with hospital admission for self-harm or death by suicide using both conventional and instrumental variable regressions. The setting for the study was general practices in the United Kingdom.

Results: Prior prescriptions were strongly associated with actual prescriptions: physicians who previously prescribed TCAs were 14.9 percentage points (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.4, 15.4) more likely to prescribe TCAs, and those who previously prescribed paroxetine were 27.